{"id":51626,"date":"2025-05-15T10:30:20","date_gmt":"2025-05-15T03:30:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/achmag.ru\/?p=51626"},"modified":"2025-05-15T10:35:33","modified_gmt":"2025-05-15T03:35:33","slug":"%d0%b8%d1%81%d1%82%d0%be%d1%80%d0%b8%d1%8f-%d0%be%d0%b4%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b3%d0%be-%d1%81%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/achmag.ru\/?p=51626","title":{"rendered":"\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f «\u043a\u0430\u043d\u044b\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e» \u0441\u0430\u0434\u0430"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\u041c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b\u044b \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043d\u044f\u0442, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0430\u0434 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0440\u0430\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0432 \u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0439 \u0421\u0430\u043b\u044b\u0440\u0438\u2026<\/strong><\/p>

\u0412 1938 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0432 \u0410\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a \u0438\u0437 \u0422\u0430\u043c\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043b \u043c\u0438\u0447\u0443\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0446 \u0418\u043b\u044c\u044f \u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u041a\u0430\u043d\u044b\u0433\u0438\u043d<\/strong> \u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u0433\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u043b \u0441\u0430\u0434, \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u044f\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043d\u044c \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043a. \u041d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u043b\u0438\u0432\u044b, \u0438 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430, \u0438 \u043a\u043b\u0443\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430. \u0421\u0430\u0434 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0445\u043e\u0437\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0421\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430.<\/p>

\u0422\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432. \u0421 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442 30 \u0434\u043e 70 \u043a\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u044f\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a.<\/p>

\u0412 1961 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0418\u043b\u044c\u044f \u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 \u0441 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u044c\u044e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0430\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0413\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0438\u044e \u0411\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0435\u0446\u043e\u0432\u0443<\/strong>. \u041d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0430\u0434 \u0445\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043b, \u0438 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u0442.<\/p>

\u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d\u044b \u042f. \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 50-\u0445.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b\u044b \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043d\u044f\u0442, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0430\u0434 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0440\u0430\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0432 \u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0439 \u0421\u0430\u043b\u044b\u0440\u0438\u2026 \u0412 1938 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":51627,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":"","tstyn_error":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-51626","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-30"],"featured_image_urls":{"full":["https:\/\/achmag.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/photo_2025-04-14_23-25-13-4.jpg",1280,1014,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/achmag.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/photo_2025-04-14_23-25-13-4-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/achmag.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/photo_2025-04-14_23-25-13-4-300x238.jpg",300,238,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/achmag.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/photo_2025-04-14_23-25-13-4-768x608.jpg",640,507,true],"large":["https:\/\/achmag.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/photo_2025-04-14_23-25-13-4-1024x811.jpg",640,507,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/achmag.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/photo_2025-04-14_23-25-13-4.jpg",1280,1014,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/achmag.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/photo_2025-04-14_23-25-13-4.jpg",1280,1014,false],"newsium-slider-full":["https:\/\/achmag.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/photo_2025-04-14_23-25-13-4-1280x845.jpg",1280,845,true],"newsium-featured":["https:\/\/achmag.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/photo_2025-04-14_23-25-13-4-1024x811.jpg",1024,811,true],"newsium-medium":["https:\/\/achmag.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/photo_2025-04-14_23-25-13-4-720x475.jpg",720,475,true]},"author_info":{"display_name":"\u0413\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434 \u0410","author_link":"https:\/\/achmag.ru\/?author=3"},"category_info":"\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442<\/a>","tag_info":"\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442","comment_count":"0","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/achmag.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51626","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/achmag.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/achmag.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/achmag.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/achmag.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=51626"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/achmag.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51626\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":51641,"href":"https:\/\/achmag.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51626\/revisions\/51641"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/achmag.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/51627"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/achmag.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=51626"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/achmag.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=51626"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/achmag.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=51626"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}